A thermal defects (defects in the lattice position) appear normal lattice vacancies in the crystal lattice point, the position of the particle should not have appeared in particle (particle gap). 2 foreign particle composition defects (impurities) to replace the normal particle position or normal position into the gap junction. 3 some charge defect crystal particle individual electronic excited state, some leaving the original particle, forming free electrons, the electron orbit in the original left electron hole. Symbols and symbolic reaction equation 1. Defects and Defect Defect reaction equation symbol binary compound MX, for example (1) lattice vacancies: normal node position no particle, VM, VX (2) ion gap: In addition to the normal position of the junction outside The position of the particle appears Shandong days Yue Crystal Materials Co., Mi, Xx (3) dislocation Ion:. M arranged in the X position, or X arranged in M ??position, if in a normal position on the junction of Crystal Materials, Shandong days Yue Ltd., the MM, XX (4) replaced Ion: L foreign matter into the crystal, if replacing M, the LM, replace if X, then the LX, if occupy interstitial sites SIC, is Li. (5) free electrons e '(representing existence of a negative charge), represents the effective electric charges. Crystal (5) electron hole h · (on behalf of the existence of a positive charge), * represents the effective positive charge crystal 20 kinds, such as semiconductor crystals, magneto-optical crystal, laser crystal, crystal electro-optical, acousto-optic crystals, nonlinear optics crystals, piezoelectric crystals, pyroelectric crystals, ferroelectric crystals, scintillation crystals, insulating crystals, sensitive crystals, light color crystal, crystal and multifunction superconducting crystals. If according to the lattice structure of points, they can be divided into sodium chloride structure, sphalerite structure, wurtzite structure, such as a diamond structure ~~, the concept of human cognitive process of crystals and crystal 1. related human crystals What is the process of understanding the crystal? Throughout history, mankind has been tirelessly exploring this issue. Back in the Stone Age, people will find the rules of the stones of various shapes and put them into the tool, thus opening a prelude to explore the nature of the crystal. Then, after a long-term observation, it was found that the most significant features of the crystal has a shape that is the rule. In 1669, Italian scientists Si Dannuo (Nicolaus Steno) found a crystal plane angle conservation law, pointing out that the same substance in the crystal angle Shandong days Yue, corresponding between crystal faces is constant. Then, according to French scientists 阿羽 (Rene Just Haüy) made famous lattice theory in 1784, so our understanding of the crystal is a big step. According to this doctrine, the unit cell is the smallest unit of the crystal constituting the crystal is formed by the accumulation of a large number of cell. 1885, this doctrine was the country's scientists Bravais (A.Bravais) develop into a space lattice theory that crystals composed of atoms, molecules or ions are arranged according to certain rules, which are arranged in the form of a certain space lattice structure. In 1912, German scientist Laue (Max van Laue) crystal X-ray diffraction experiments carried out, for the first time confirmed the correctness of this doctrine, and thus won the Nobel Prize in Physics. Shandong days Yue Crystal Materials Co., Ltd. Shandong days Yue crystal materials, energy and new materials (certified), Jinan, Shandong days Yue provided by Spark Technology Development Company Limited. Jinan Spark Technology Development Co., Ltd. (www.sicc.cc) (www.sicc.cc) is a leader in Jinan, chemical equipment, over the years, the company is implementing the scientific management, innovation and development, the principle of honesty and trustworthiness, and satisfy customer needs. In Shandong days Yue leadership with the staff warmly welcome all inquiries negotiations to create Shandong days Yue a better future. You can also access (www.sicc.cc/supply_details_41188425.html), for more information about the company.